Zohar's blog

Php Laravel 笔记

Php

Laravel 可以让你从面条一样杂乱的代码中解脱出来；它可以帮你构建一个完美的网络APP，而且每行代码都可以简洁、富于表达力。

MVC

Blade 模板

  • 变量输出

      {{ $variable }}
  {!! $content !!}

  • 获取路径

      {{ Request::path() }}
  {{ Route::currentRouteName() }}

  • 获取参数

      {{ app('request')->input('param') }}
  {{ Request::query('param') }}         // laravel 5.6
  {{ request()->param }}                // laravel 5.8

  • 分页

      {{ $data->appends(['param' => request()->param])->links() }}

  • 导出 HTML

      $view = view('emails.index')->with(['lang' => $lang, 'name' => $name]);
  $viewStr = response($view)->getContent();

  • 表单进行 PUT 请求

      <form method="post" action="/tc-strategy/{{ $unionId }}">
      <input name="_method" type="hidden" value="PUT"/>
      {{ csrf_field() }}
  </form>

Validator

$validateRules = [
    'id'         => '',
    'mobile'     => 'required|int',
    'satrt_date' => 'required|date',
    'end_date'   => 'required|date|after_or_equal:sdate',
];
$validator = Validator::make($request->all(), $validateRules);
if ($validator->fails()) {
    $errors = $validator->errors()->toArray();
    throw ValidationException::withMessages($errors);
}

  • Validate 失败

      // 使用 Validator 验证时
  if ($validator->fails()) {
      $errors = $validator->errors()->toArray();
      throw ValidationException::withMessages($errors);
  }
  // 直接判断抛出
  throw ValidationException::withMessages(['field' => $errorMsg]]);
  // 不抛出验证异常，使用 back 的方式
  return redirect()->back()
      ->withInput($request->all())
      ->withErrors(['field' => $errorMsg]);

  • Validator 验证规则

分页对象

$pagination = Pagination::paginate($count, $data, $limit, 'page', $pageNumber);

默认 404 页面

view()->replaceNamespace('errors', [
    resource_path('views/errors'),
    __DIR__.'/views',
]);
return response()->view("errors::{$status}";

JsonResponse

return response()->json(['code' => '1', 'msg' => 'Subscribe successfully']);

DB

Eloquent 模型

  • 查询指定列记录

      $data = Model::query()->find($id, ['column1', 'column2', ...]);
  $data = Model::query()->first(['column1', 'column2', ...]);
  $data = Model::query()->all(['column1', 'column2', ...]);
  $data = Model::query()->where(...)->get(['column1', 'column2', , ...]);

  • create、insert、save 三种插入方式的区别

    • create：走 model 流程，是面向批量操作的
    • save：对象实例上的方法肯定走 model 流程，是面向实例对象的
    • insert：走 DB 直接插入，不经过 model，可以批量插入

    走 model 流程的意义在于会通过 model 的各项验证，如会走 fillable 验证，也会走 updated_at 和 created_at 的自动填充，因此走 model 流程会更加稳定安全，走 DB 流程会更加灵活快速。

  • 使用聚合函数

      $query = Model::query()
      ->groupBy('model.a', 'model.b', 'model.c', 'model.d')
      ->select('model.a as col1', 'model.b as col2', 'model.c as col3', 'model.d as col4')
      ->selectRaw('MAX(model.e) as col5')
      ->selectRaw('SUM(IF(`model.f` = 1, `model.g`, 0)) AS col6');

  • 使用已有 Query 进行子查询

      // 5.5
  $query = Model::query()->from(DB::raw("({$subQuery->toSql()}) as sub"));
  $query = Model::query()->leftJoin(DB::raw("({$subQuery->toSql()}) as sub"), 'sub.model_id', '=', 'model.id');
  // 5.6.12 以上
  $query = Model::query()->fromSub($subQuery,'sub');

  • 多条件 JOIN

      $query = Model::query()
      ->leftJoin('other_table as ot', static function ($join) {
          $join->on(CONDITION_1)->on(CONDITION_1);
      })

  • 嵌套 where：多层的 AND … OR … 操作

      SELECT * 
      FROM model 
      WHERE CONDITION_1 
          AND CONDITION_2
          AND (
              (CONDITION_3_1_1 AND CONDITION_3_1_2)
              OR
              (OONDITION_3_2_1 AND CONDITION_3_2_2)
          );

      $query = Model::query()
      ->where(CONDITION_1)
      ->whereNotNull(CONDITION_2)
      ->where(static function ($query) {
          $query->where(static function ($innerQuery) {
              $innerQuery->whereIn(CONDITION_3_1_1)
                  ->whereIn(CONDITION_3_1_2);
          })->orWhere(static function ($innerQuery) {
              $innerQuery->where(CONDITION_3_2_1)
                  ->where(CONDITION_3_2_2);
          });
      });

Redis

使用 Redis 发布与订阅消息队列

  1. 安装 predis 客户端

     composer require predis/predis

  2. 发布者 Command

     try {
     Redis::publish($QUEUE_NAME, $message);
 } catch (Exception $e) {
     this->info('$e');
 }

  3. 订阅者 Command

     Redis::subscribe([$QUEUE_NAME], function($message) {
     this->info($message);
 });

使用 Redis 异步任务队列

  1. 安装 predis 客户端

     composer require predis/predis

  2. 修改环境变量 QUEUE_DRIVER

     QUEUE_CONNECTION=redis

  3. 创建失败任务迁移文件

     php artisan queue:failed-table

  4. 生成失败任务表

     php artisan migrate

  5. 生成任务类

     php artisan make:job SendEmailJob

  6. 编写任务执行逻辑

     namespace App\Jobs;

 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;

 class SendEmailJob implements ShouldQueue {
     use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

     protected $injectionObject;

     public function __construct(Object $object) {
         $this->injectionObject = $object;
     }

     public function handle() {
         // TODO: 任务执行方法体
     }
 }

  7. 发送任务到任务队列

     public function work() {
     $job = new SendEmailJob($obj);
     dispatch(job);                  // 分发任务
 }

  8. 监听队列

     php artisan queue:work --daemon --quiet --queue=default --delay=3 --sleep=3 --tries=3

  9. 仪表盘监控队列（仅 Linux）

     composer require "laravel/horizon:~1.3"
 php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Horizon\HorizonServiceProvider"
 php artisan horizon

    访问 http://localhost/horizon 即可访问仪表盘

使用 Redis 缓存

  1. 修改配置文件
// config/cache.php
'redis' => [
    'driver'     => 'redis',
    'connection' => 'default',
],

// config/database.php
'redis' => [
    'client' => 'predis',

    'default' => [
        'host'     => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
        'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
        'port'     => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
        'database' => 0,
    ],
],
  1. 使用 Redis 缓存
if (Cache::has($key)) {
    $value = Cache::get($key);
    // use $value
} else {
    Cache::put($key, $value, $expire_time);
}

HTTP

HTTP 客户端

  • php-curl-class

      use \Curl\Curl;

  $curl = new Curl();
  $curl->get('http://www.example.com/');

  if ($curl->error) {
      echo 'Error: ' . $curl->errorCode . ': ' . $curl->errorMessage;
  } else {
      echo $curl->response;
  }

  • GuzzleHttp\Client

      use GuzzleHttp\Client;

  $http = new Client();
  $url = 'http://www.baidu.com';
  $response = $http->get($url);
  $data = json_decode((string)$response->getBody(), true);

Composer

  • Composer 换源
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

查看配置

composer config -gl

部署

  • Nginx

  1. 将网站目录指向 public 文件夹

    root "D:/WORKSPACE/PhpStorm/up_server_admin/public";

  2. 设置网站入口为 index.php

    index index.php index.html;

  3. 设置所有资源入口为 index.php

    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;